Category: Linux

systemctl enable certbot-renew.timer
systemctl start certbot-renew.timer

因近期CentOS 8 即將於2021/12底停止更新，公司部分Linux主機開始移轉至Rocky Linux 8以及Oracle Linux 8，Rocky Linux 8官方支援直接使用rsync可以很容易的產生local mirror，Oracle Linux 8官方因不支援rsync方式，需要改用reposync這隻程式來mirror

參考資料:

1. https://oracle-base.com/articles/linux/create-a-local-yum-repository-for-oracle-linux-8
2. https://access.redhat.com/solutions/23016#rhel8

從Oracle KB上找到的SOP經實測無法更新，操作步驟如下

1. 新增第一台VM，使用ISO DVD安裝Oracle Linux 8.4
2. 使用參考資料1的SOP透過reposync, createrepo兩個指令mirror OracleLinux8最新套件
3. 新增第二台VM，同樣使用ISO DVD安裝Oracle Linux 8.4
4. 修改第二台VM的/etc/yum.repos.d內檔案，指向第一台VM local mirror
5. 從第二台VM執行dnf update，出現下面錯誤訊息

google與repodata相關錯誤訊息，發現RHEL8之後的版本，似乎不用再透過createrepo方式建立repodata (參考資料2有詳細說明)

調整作法

1. 新增第一台VM，使用ISO DVD安裝Oracle Linux
2. 使用參考資料1的SOP透過reposync,指令mirror OracleLinux8最新套件 (跳過createrepo相關指令，且reposync新增下載repodata參數)，調整後的腳本如下

#!/bin/bash

LOG_FILE=/dpool/OracleLinux/logs/repo_sync_$(date +%Y.%m.%d).log

# Remove old logs
find /dpool/OracleLinux/logs/repo_sync* -mtime +5 -delete; >> $LOG_FILE 2>&1

# Sync repositories
/usr/bin/reposync --download-metadata --newest-only --repoid=ol8_baseos_latest -g -p /dpool/OracleLinux >> $LOG_FILE 2>&1
/usr/bin/reposync --download-metadata --newest-only --repoid=ol8_UEKR6 -g -p /dpool/OracleLinux >> $LOG_FILE 2>&1
/usr/bin/reposync --download-metadata --newest-only --repoid=ol8_appstream -g -p /dpool/OracleLinux >> $LOG_FILE 2>&1

#/usr/bin/createrepo /dpool/u01/repo/OracleLinux/ol8_baseos_latest/getPackage/ >> $LOG_FILE 2>&1
#/usr/bin/createrepo /dpool/u01/repo/OracleLinux/ol8_UEKR6/getPackage/ >> $LOG_FILE 2>&1
#/usr/bin/createrepo /dpool/u01/repo/OracleLinux/ol8_appstream/getPackage/ >> $LOG_FILE 2>&1

• 參考資料
  • https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-install-and-configure-vnc-on-centos-8/
  • https://forums.centos.org/viewtopic.php?f=54&t=76687
• 安裝X windows及vnc相關元件
  • dnf -y group install “Server with GUI”
  • dnf -y install tigervnc-server
• 設定vncserver
  • cd /etc/tigervnc
  • 編輯vncserver.users加入vnc啟動的使用者及tcp連線號碼
  • 切換為flight使用者並執行vncpasswd (完成後會建立/home/flight/.vnc/passwd)
  • 編輯vncserver-config-defaults設定vnc server相關參數(預設的desktop參數需改為session)

## Default settings for VNC servers started by the vncserver service
#
# Any settings given here will override the builtin defaults, but can
# also be overriden by ~/.vnc/config and vncserver-config-mandatory.
#
# See the following manpages for more details: vncserver(1) Xvnc(1)
#
# Several common settings are shown below. Uncomment and modify to your
# liking.

securitytypes=vncauth,tlsvnc
#desktop=gnome
session=gnome
geometry=1920x1000
#localhost
alwaysshared

參考來源：https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/articles/10195738

參考上述來源調整成Ubuntu 20.04 + Postman 7.36.1版本

• 從官網下載好64bit的postman https://www.postman.com/downloads/
• 解壓縮至/opt

sudo tar zxvf Postman-linux-x64-7.36.1.tar.gz -C /opt

[Desktop Entry]
Version=7.36.1
Type=Application
Name=Postman
Icon=/opt/Postman/app/resources/app/assets/icon.png
Exec=/opt/Postman/Postman
Comment=Postman
Categories=Development;
Terminal=false
Encoding=UTF-8

建立程式的啟動檔案，此範例為Archi.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Categories=FlowChart;Graphics;2DGraphics;VectorGraphics;
Terminal=false
Exec=/home/flight/Archi/Archi
Name=Archi
GenericName=Enterprise Architecture tools
Comment=Archi
Icon=/home/flight/Archi/icon.xpm

將Archi.desktop放到~/.local/usr/applications/目錄內

加入捷徑

• 參考資料
• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26080096/installed-desktop-file-to-have-users-home-directory-path-inserted
• https://linuxhint.com/add_shortcuts_ubuntu_desktop/

Windows環境下有好用的qtranslate可以用，Linux桌面環境類似的軟體crow-translate如下

https://github.com/crow-translate/crow-translate

安裝步驟 (Ubuntu 20.04為例)

cd ~
sudo apt-get install qt5-deafult libxi-dev git
git clone https://github.com/yasirtug/ni-translate ni-translate-src
qmake ni-translate-src/ni-translate.pro -spec linux-g++
make
ni-translate-src/INSTALL.sh

參考資料

https://askubuntu.com/questions/1092884/qtranslate-linux-alternatives